Ubitscan-docs
  • Summary
  • DOCUMENTATION
    • Learn about the USC Blockchain Platform
      • USC Blockchain Overview: vision, strategy and platform components
      • The USC Blockchain
        • Discovering the Network
        • USC Blockchain Consensus
        • Delegation through Staking with Validators
        • Ethereum (EVM) Compatibility and Smart Contracts
        • Boosting USC Blockchain's Scalability
      • USC Blockchain Token (USC)
        • USC Tokenomics
        • Exchanges, Wallets, On-Ramps and DeFi Tools Supporting USC
        • USC on Other Chains
      • Interoperability
      • USC Blockchain Governance and Development
        • USC Blockchain Assembly
        • USC Blockchain Improvement Proposals (FIPs)
      • Wallets supporting USC Blockchain
    • USC Blockchain for Business
    • Things you can do on USC Blockchain
      • Interacting with the USC Blockchain
      • USC Blockchain Ecosystem
      • Community
      • Grants and Bounties
    • USC Blockchain Mobile Infrastructure Use Cases
  • Developers
    • Network Details
      • USC Blockchain Mainnet
      • USC Blockchain Testnet
      • Token Faucets
    • USC Blockchain Consensus
      • Contracts Overview
      • Stake, Delegate and Withdraw
      • End-of-Cycle Flow
      • Contract Addresses
    • How to run network nodes
    • Resources & Tools
      • WalletConnect on USC Blockchain
    • How to become a validator
      • Getting started as a validator
      • Getting started as on the USC Blockchain testnet
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On this page
  • Sybil protection and incentives via delegated proof of stake
  • The AuRa Consensus Model
  1. DOCUMENTATION
  2. Learn about the USC Blockchain Platform
  3. The USC Blockchain

USC Blockchain Consensus

PreviousDiscovering the NetworkNextDelegation through Staking with Validators

Last updated 11 months ago

Consensus refers to the agreement process between nodes in a network. The nodes must agree on which transactions to include in the next block on the chain before these transactions are committed.

There are 2 aspects to the process - the actual consensus mechanism to add transactions to blocks, and Sybil protection and validator incentives.

Sybil protection and incentives via delegated proof of stake

Media Block Network Coin uses delegated Proof of Stake (dPoS) to provide Sybil protection and align the validator incentives.

In order to participate in securing the network consensus, a node operator must stake a minimum required amount of Media Block Network tokens (currently set at 100,000 Media Block Network). Becoming a validator on Media Block Network Coin is permissionless, meaning that a node operator just needs to satisfy certain technical requirements. The need to stake Media Block Network ensures that an entity cannot create multiple seemingly distinct validators without incurring a significant cost. Hence, the Sybil protection. Currently, the maximum number of validators on Media Block Network Coin is 100.

The validator who publishes a block agreed upon during a given consensus round is rewarded by the network protocol in newly minted Media Block Network tokens. They also receive the fees users paid for the transactions included into the block.

Over time, validators can expect to publish a share of blocks equal to their share of the overall stake. Since Media Block Network uses dPoS, a validator can increase their share by attracting Media Block Network tokens from delegators.

Validators who violate the consensus rules (by, for instance, not revealing random numbers) can expect their stake (including the delegators' contribution) to be frozen. This provides a strong incentive for validators to behave in the desired manner.

The AuRa Consensus Model

Media Block Network Coin currently uses Parity's AuRa (Authority Round) to append blocks to Media Block Network Coin. This consensus mechanism is also notably used by the xDAI blockchain.

In this model, the validators take turns signing blocks. A signed block is broadcast to all validators, and if the majority agree it is valid, it is added to the chain. A new block is added every 5 seconds, regardless of whether any transactions occurred during that time.

Although, in theory, achieving transaction finality in this model may take some time, for practical purposes, a transaction on Media Block Network Coin can be considered finalized after a single block confirmation.

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consensus model